I was discussing the tragedy of the killing of 3 Israeli hostages today with a friend when I suddenly remembered the story of Jephthah, or Yiftach, in the Book of Judges in the Old Testament.
Yiftach is an outcast until the leader of the Jewish people ask him to help them defend themselves against invading enemies. He agrees, but also makes a fateful vow: to sacrifice the first creature that greets him on his return.
He is victorious, and when he returns home, to his shock and dismay his daughter races out of his home to greet him, rather than a farm animal, as he had expected. It is a tragic end to a heroic adventure.
The message of the story is unclear. Obviously one should not make careless vows, but Yiftach could not imagine that a human being would come out from his home, or farm, before an animal did.
The parallel to our present situation is that none of the soldiers in Gaza when the hostages were killed -- not even their commander -- understood that it was possible hostages would emerge in the open.
We are sometimes undone by our own expectations, by the way we choose to interpret reality. We need to be open to other possibilities and perspectives. If we are not, we may end up destroying ourselves.
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This week's Torah portion includes several laws about conduct in civic and personal life, the common theme of which is boundaries -- setting bounds to what one may do at home, at work, and even in the battlefield.
One noteworthy passage concerns Amalek, the evil nation that attacked the Children of Israel as they made their Exodus from slavery to freedom. Deuteronomy 25:17-19 commands Jews to obliterate Amalek's memory.
The South African government accused Israel of genocide on the basis of a story about Amalek in the Book of Samuel, in which King Saul was commanded to wipe out the entire evil Amalekite nation.
Because Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu quoted this week's portion -- "Remember what Amalek did to you" (25:17), the South African government claimed he was commanding soldiers to commit genocide.
It was an absurd and malevolent misreading of the Bible and of Jewish tradition. The commandment, as observed by Jews today, is to remember the evil of Amalek and fight ...